CONDITION

A dairy cow must not put on fat, but convert her food into milk. Sufficient flesh is
necessary to fill out her form properly and show her to be healthy, but there should be no
depths of flesh or fat, as on the beef animal.

TEMPERAMENT

A good dairy cow has a nervous temperament (without being irritable or vicious), and
should always be treated kindly and handled very gently. When feeling the skin to
determine quality and mellowness, take a handful of the skin on the side of the animal
once, and let that be sufficient. In the same way, when feeling the udder or milk veins
and wells, do so quietly, and let one handling be sufficient.

THE RELATIVE VALUE OR MERIT OF DAIRY CATTLE

(Based on 100 points as perfect)

CHARACTERISTICS INDICATING DAIRY FORM—
(a) Style and General Appearance—20 Points.
Head—Erect and clean-cut; neck slender; eye prominent, alert and placid... 3

oe Back—Straight and strong; hips wide apart and level............cccccccces 4
Rump—Long, wide and level; pin bones wide apart; level tail-setting....... 5
Lene-—Ntraignh DOG Gs es Kae Od ha os es oa otc ne Us eka 8 G0 640 Santee 3

General Build—Rugged and large for breed, without coarseness; Jerseys 950
lbs., Guernseys and Ayrshires 1,100 lbs., Holsteins 1,350 Ibs..........02-- 5

(b) Dairy Conformation—15 Points.
The cow should be clean-cut, with feminine appearance; absence of tendency

CR SE OR ONG ow vba O GS os bea a be 6 CERES OOO boi bs 1 ys iD ee ek 5
Shoulders, withers, vertebra, hips and pin bones prominent and free from

fleshiness (period of lactation to be considered)......... 2 a ¥éGsaewe s 8
Loin—Wide; ribs long and wide apart.........ccccccccccccccscccecccccccece 3
Disposition—Active, with good nerve control.......... cece cccecccccccecs 3

CHARACTERISTICS INDICATING CONSTITUTION, VIGOR AND CONDITION—

15 Points.
Chest—Broad and deep, with well-sprung ribs...............0ee. Se SNS ae ae 8
PEPSI Sa MD GUE ODT. 6.5 oink 6-5. 0b Cie & v5 0000, aes ss 0a o Uveueeeek bbbeaen 2
Condition—Thrifty and vigorous, in good flesh, but not beefy................ 5
CHARACTERISTICS INDICATING ABILITY TO CONSUME AND DIGEST FEEDS—
15 Points.
Peek REO: BOUT TORS 4. ea co fake <i 0 00% Sad 0d oi ba ns ed bh ee 1
Skin—Mellow, loose, medium thickness, showing good circulation and secre-
Ree SARE NE le ws gon 8 Sa Gola occas Oa et Eee as hd Wa eh whet 4
Barrel—Deep, wide and long, well supported; ribs far apart................:. 10

WELL-DEVELOPED MILK-SECRETING ORGANS—35 Points.

Udder—(a) Capacity—Large in size.............ceeeeee ey eee re 7
(b) Quality—Pliable, free from lumpS...........ccccceccccceccvcces 7
(c) Shape—Extending well forward and well up behind, level on the
floor, not pendulous; quarters full and symmetrical..................... 6
Milk Veins—Large, long, crooked and branching; milk wells large and
EN as ia hn ice Aad a Ean Pie OR tees «atin teen ee. 7
Milk veins on udder, crooked, numerous and large........ccccceecevees 3
Teats—Convenient size; uniform and well placed......... cc. cc cceccccceees 5
UR nn ox ost pale wha be ee ee as 6s Cee 100

If you receive an extra copy of a bulletin, please pass it on to a friend or neighbor.

The information contained in this bulletin is received from reliable sources, but the
Company does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damage which
any person may sustain in carrying out or in attempting to carry out the suggestions.