ip . or Canadian xeellent Market In Britain Livestock Raising To Visit Canada Cattle Should ‘stressed by Col. Mullins in) conditions as he found them a and, did he hear a complaint against | - Canadian feeders. “Buyers of our eat,” he declared “found them sat-: ie _isfactory in every instance, and they i , _ Summer and winter, FRAS,, epee 78 objecis, including eight of the __ Saskatehewan Lignite Coal repeatedly asked how soon they could expect a greater supply.” Canadian cattle- he pointed out, were preferred to Irish on account of their more thoroughly healthy.con- dition and the added fact that they commenced to “do well” as soon as they were pit on feed. ,* A point of great importance as af- fecting the marketing of Canadian stores in Great Britain was the time) of year at which the cattle arrive. Col. Mullins strongly advised produc: ; ers on this side of the Atlantic to ar- range for shipment of their feeder cat- tle during the first six months of the : year, so as to ayold their coming into competition with the Irish cattle off grass, which began to arrive at market after mid-summer. While in London, Col, Mullins in- terviewed the British minister of ag=- -rieultuxe, also the private secretary in Sir Auckland Geddes’ office, and put forth a elaim for the admission of Canadian cows to Britain on the same fodting as Irish cows. While at St. John, N.B., he inspected the cattle shipping facilities at that port and | found them all that could be desired 4S regarded convenience of loading,’ ~~ feeding, and, in fact, in every Tespect. St. John, he said, was the feasible shipping port for oe cattle, Map of the Moon , One Prepared By English Astronomers Is the Most Reliable Visible so much of the time under favorable conditions, the side of the) ‘Moon toward tho earth has been map- ped more often and more carefully than any like area under human ob- servation. _ Following the invention of the telescope in 1610, crude charts were made by Galileo, Fontana and others, and in 1692, according to a historical review by Wm. Porthouse, the elder Cassini, of the Paris observatory, introduced the modern system of naming details for identification. Cassini's map record- ‘Waria or “seas.” The most reliable of the modern maps, published in 1910 and likely ~ to remain the standard for many years, was prepared by a group of English _ astronomers directed by Walter Good- acre. The drawings, to which Mr. Goodacre gave niné years, were reduc- ed in publication from an original dia- meter of 77 inches to 60 inches; it is baséd~on 1,433 measures of position and yisual and photographic observa- tions extending over 30 years. Be-9 sides the drawn nlapS a number of photographic silases have been pre- pared, the Paris atlas, in three yol- umes, containing 88 plates from photo- graphs of 1894 to 1909. Some of the enlarged plates oe on a scale of 9 “feet to the moon's diameter. at pO - Briquetting Tests Being Made In _ Germany and Czecho-Slovakia Commercial tests of briquetting Sas- katchewan lignite coal are to be made in Germany Czecho-Slovakia, accord- ing to report. It is expected that the test will take between six and eight weeks and that the results “will be} known in time to perm{t the remodel- ling of the Bienfait plant in June if the tests prove as successful as anti- _cipated. > 4 Roman Invented Saw — The saw is sald to have been in- vented in ancient Rome by a man nam- ed Talus. He came upon the jaw bone of a large knake, and employed it to cut through a piece of wood. He then formed an Instrument of fron “e : imilar to the snake’s jaw bone, and} Miis was the first metal saw. Saw- ' mills eame into existence in Central Europe early in the fifteenth century. _ The Ananias Club ‘aid the clerk. oo | neither the yeas or naes are missing. * adequate What’s Doing in _ Saskatchewan? (Continued from Last Week) By Walter P. Davisson, Author of “The Three Pools” | There are various matters of the | first importance which are agitating | and yitalizing Saskatchewan minds to- | day, and, in connection with which, Such problems as limiting the powers of the senate; the transfer of the na- tural resources from federal to pro- vincial control; the blending of the various great agricultural organiza- tions; the desirability .of injecting into the Saskatchewan Legislature an fighting opposition; the necessity of peopling the vast empty Spaces in the provinces along existing lines of railway; the hope that a way may be found to balance the mighty farm tonnage with urban industry; the demand that tHe alcoholic appetite of the people be catered to, neither by the prohibitionists nor tlie liquor in- terests, but from the middle-ground of government stores; and, finally, the determination that co-operative mar- keting methods be widened to include CAPTAIN ALEXANDER RAMSAY who will command the flagsh{p Cal- eutta upon the occasion of the visit to Canadian waters in June of the | eighth British cruiser squadron, Cap- cess Patricia, daughter of the Duke of Connaught. barriers haye narrowed the mental Here and| dred ways have sapped the elemental of the coarser grains! : there, throaghout the-province, there | power of thuse who work on the land. are those who look across our south- ern borders in a somewhat vague spirit | 3 of secession; but they are ao small | Parmer Decaerapeiweo 6D LUPE eUDe class in comparison to those who look | 5 away to the east, and beyond—to the| themselves cgnstruct. Mother of Nations! ‘§ A Farmers’ Parliament Recently there was a convention of | the SaskatcLewan grain growers. It! was significant to see this great gath~- ering of the growers from all ends of! the province. Their resolutions,could | compel respect, if not by the power of the ballot box, then by their sanity} unity—plus the orderly merchandising of their products. Telephones, good roads, automobiles, agricultural fairs, | ing integral parts in the enrichment of rural life in Saskatchewan; keeping | the people abreast of current affair: livestock and the 150,000,000 bushels | °Utlook from the farm, and in a hun-| It is that fsolation, and lac of leisure, | | which cdfbined to send Mr. and Mrs. | economic ladder which they. Saskatchewan the growers are | | broadening out, to the clear call ort ‘law as a protective measure for the |farmers. Certain fundamental prop- erties (real and personal) are free from seizure. Even under a chattel mortgage these properiies are exempt —always provided that the price of same does not form the consideration for which the mortgage was given; or does not form the subject matter of the judgment upon which the execu- tion is~based: In other words, a creditor can always seize the article not, pay, bu: must respect the follow- injg “exemptions” in realizing on a mortgage: 1. The necessary and ordinary cloth- ing of the farmer and his family. 2. Furniture, household furnishings and dairy utensils, to the extent Of five hundred dollars er and his family, during six months, which may {include grain, flour, vege- tables and meat—elther prepared for use, or on foot. 4. Feur oxen, horses, or mules, or any four of them; 6 cows, 6 sheep, 4 pigs, 50 domestic fowls; besides the animals the farmer may choose for food purposes, together with food for the same, from November to April; | follow the date of the seizure. | 6. The harness necessary for four ; animals; 1 wagon or 2 carts; 1 mower | or cradle and scythe; 1 breaking plow; }1 cross plow; 1 set of harrows; 1 horse rake; 1 sewing machine; 1 bind- tain Ramsay is the husband of Prin-/ er or reaper; 1 set of slelghs; 1 seed’ | drill. |. 6, Seed grain sufficient to sow all his land under cultivation (not exceeding | 160 acres) at the rate of 2 bushels per acre—the farmer to have choice of seed. for planting. 7. The honestead—proyided not more than 160 acres. | 8. The house and buildings occupied _ by the fariner, to the extent of $3,000. Urban Exemptions In compavison with the foregoing, the city man’s protection fs grimly slim: 1. The bocks of a professional man, or the tools necessary for the practice | same be | and the miracle that is radio, are play- | of the man’s trade or professfon—to ter and | the extent of two hundred dollars. An ingenious statistician has re- Fourteen bushels of potatoes | i Expected Opportunities Did | Not Materialize And Farmers Are Coming (FF ‘ence that the in the United § alized. ly returning to farm in Canada. 3. The necessary food for the farm-| Among such examples es Says |ceedingly well since moving to West- 0 acklicl, of Mr. P. O. Warner, ; Ohio, to the Canadian immigration and colonization agent at Columbus, Ohio, is typieal: “In justice to Canada, I feel it my duty to tell back. We jived in Southern Alberta | fourteen years, atid although we had or for such of these months as may|S0Me poor crops we also had some was |yery good ones. The country you why we are going | Jars, Back To Canada Officers of the Canadian department | Saskatchewan trying to get a new for which the farmer cannot, or will| of Immigration and Colonization in the | start.” United States continue to meet many | persons who have found from expert- | | Fourteen years ago, Mr. Jacob Aad- Jand, of Mapleton, North Dakota, went Xpected opportunities | to Saskatchewan and located at Shaun- ates have not materi-| avon, These people are consequent- | tle He went there with very lit money;, just enough to get a start ;on a home: He €x- ead. has done jern Canada. Iie now owns four se | tions of land, nearly all under eultiva- | tion and clear of encumbrance. Iiis | improvements, stock and machinery are valued at several thousand dok Mr. Aadland is but one of about fifteen or twenty families who left this | poriton of North Dakota for Westera Canada, about the same yean All of them, according to Mr, Aadland, have |new, the.soil was fertile, and with a! gone well. |reasonable amount could grow anything we planted. | acre. | No. 1 Northern wheat was grown on our Jand the next year after we sold it, although we had never grown that jmuch., We had lots of room to raise | cattle and horses on a school section | adjoining us, the rent of which cost us very little. ; | The school system of Western Can- }ada is equal to, or better in some in- |stances, than ‘in the United States. Our children always learned better | there anyway. ‘ The climate is crisp and cold in win- delightfully cool and pleasant | insummer. The settler will find very of moisture we We grew cabbage that weighed 22 Ibs, per head and oats 56 bushels per Sixty-six bushels per acre of Mr. Aadland says in a leiter to his brother, Peter Aadiand, of Morace, | North Dakota, who is leaving shortly for Shiunayon, Saskatchewan, that he | would not return to North Dakota to }farm again if they gave hiny back hia {old farm for nothing. Mr, Peter Aad | North Dakota and_going with his wife and three children to make his home in Western Canada. His brotlier, {Jacob Aadland, bas been trying for several years to induce him to move }and has finally succesded. Dan Fisher, of Detroit, Michigan, Ontario, anid farmed in Bruce County, Ontario, Went to Detroit two years |ago and since then has been working |in the factories there. He is now of }land {s giving up a good position io ~ who was born in Glengarry County, cently figured out that, while there, little use for a physician there. Foggy, and wisdom. As one expressed his impression: “Here is the finest indica- lion of the greater Saskatchewan to be.’ And that is not-to say that the resolutions emanating from that agri- cultural parlianient were all of a shell- pink peace. Not at all. following ringing challenge from the presidential address of Geo. F. Ed- wards to the assembled delegates: “"We in the west believe that we have never been fairly treated by the Governments of Canada—tirrespective of party—in regard to the fiscal policy of the couatry during the past forty years.” As to whether that viewpoint is ac- curate or not, does not come within making the farm increasingly attrac- | tive to the ‘teen age boys and girl ; and enabling the farmers to “tune i | on the information and culture afferd- | j ed by lecturers, singers and musicians , 16,000 Ontario farms of more than 200 | The loneliness, acres, Saskatchewan has over 80,000 I take thd | o* the pioneers is being forced out td) farms of that size. }in a hundred cities. | the northern fringes of settlement.) | Even there may be seen the eommun-| opposed to “extensive” farming. The | #lways make a good living. ity radio set, as the centre of all cars, | ‘in touch with great centres of urban | life—Portland, Los Angeles, Denver,| Winnipeg, Chicago. | thrilling, out on those empty frontiers, | |to hear the glad enquiring word from | | CKCK station located at Saskatche- | | wan’s capital—Regina— 7 | “Howdydo North Howdydo? - Saskatchewan, the scope of this article; but there is| clearly a firm faith behind those words. | “And then, too, I find the following | brace of political decisions unanimous-| And farther North Saskatchewan, how | are you?” A~ Generous =xemptions Law | ly passing through the Saskatchewan | Being primarily an agricullural area, | Legislature on the same day, i.e., Jan- | Saskatchewan legislators come mainly | uary 8th, 1925: | from the farm, or trom urban constitu-! ..1. “That the British preference} encies intimately dependent upon rural should be increased to 50 per cent, of, prosperity. It is mot surprising, the general tariff’; | therefore, to find provincial legislation 2, “That negotiations should be en-| framed with eecicultanal welfare tered into by the Government of Can-| the central consideration. ada, withthe Goyernment of the Unit-, chewan has a generous ed States, with a view to establishing 4 a reciprocity on lines similar to those | of 1911.” There will be many who sée contra- dictory policies in these two resolu- tions, passing through the provincial! legislature, onthe same day, without! a dissenting voice. Some will concur with President Edwards, and others, will as emphatically oppose him. Still/ others will fear raising the reciprocal | ghost of 1911; nor does the principle of the British preference lack earnest | champions. Out of it all, howeyer,) one sterling fact emerges—Saskatche- | wan is awake! | —During 1924, the cities, towns and villages of the province went onto the | bond markets for something less than | one million dollars. Of this borrow- | ing, over $500,000 was taken by pub-} lic and private investers in Saskatche- | wan. And here seems to be the! proper point to note that the public debt of Saskatchewan today stands| at $55,839,787, of which over $26,000,- 000 are invested in revenue-producing utilities. Perhaps the actual relation | of this indebtedness, to the enormous potential wealth of the proyince, can! be focussed to the layman’s judgment | inno better way than to say that the} public debt of the city of Montreal! stands at $100,000,000. \ | . A Low Death Rate _ During 1924, Saskatchewan celebrat-| Miss P. Carlisle ed ene STTAED! wowed for 6.728 Fyoman who writes under the pen of her people who passed over a well- on t 2 " worn trail to a “farther west": and Bae of David po eanne whose ya, welcomed 20,426 “brand new” little} The Gilt on the Gingerbread, has} strangers into this wonderful world, | just been accepted. She has also) aha are 517 branch banks in the] written fairy stories, but the one that! province. { - 7 , - ‘an- Saskatchewan {s the only mrorince| true was her adyenture in Can- in the Dominion which'still stands at) #48 where she took up an 800-acre) zero in the matter of hydro electric ranch near Calgary and worked it her- | development. However, the enor-jself. With what success may be! mous lignite fuel |gathered when it is stated that she} resources merely await more people, and the touch of bs 3 | industrial necessity, and they will play Cut two- thirds of her -.7,000-bushel i their part—60,000,000,000 tons! | wheat crop herself and realized $3,500 Enrenny Rural es ‘ | for it last year. | Speaking of the solitudes of the! , Shree 4 eatie: aidyard Kipling sebedhenra | The photograph shows her garbed word-picturé some years ago. Notice| for work on her ranch and it was in} the accuracy with which the poet’s this dress that she startled the guests | genius cony a sense of the empty/at a smart London ball Jast—winter. | bee | Miss Carlisle knows what she wants) “ ae at os a ges Mig one erese shake ditbeigan and is accustomed to getting it. | for league on either hand; | T see a river loop and run aboutatree-| Following an interview in the Lon- don press on her ranching | less Jand; | Vhear the summer storm outblown—} she received 600 letters from English women wadiing to emigrate to Cana-| the drip of the grateful wheat; I hear the hard-trall telephone a far- a |dian ranches immediately. want culling, of course,” off horse’s feet.” Indeed, it has been lonely in the past; and the Kipling solitudes are | Carlisle,” so I hired a secretary and mea ne 20 mallee Dace eon hence |some were selected that seemed sult-| able,” Dr. Partridge, an eminent | London woman surgeon, will join Miss | Carlisle in June to go into partnership Ways, and for those who are out on, the frontier to the north. But things, with her. They will call their ranch | the “P, and C.” _ The plan fs to bring | She Writes-and Ranches is an Enelish- fences of isolation are coming down, | which, for generations, have diyided| the rural workers, making each an} ond times are changing. Today the out five or six women annually, | economic law unto himself. These, | the are some 50.000 farms of less than 50 acres in Ontario, there are only 1,000 of these kiid of farms in Saskatche- wan. On -he other hand, as against Therein lies the essential story behind “intensive” as Ontario way is the better way. It is also the safer and more productive way. Nevertheless, no pen-picture of It is genuinely Saskatchewan would be in true focus, | if it failed to indicate the change hich ts taking place in Saskatche- wan in this respect. ‘The fertility of the sotl, and the re- ourcefulness of the people of Sas- atchewan, from April to October, need no reference here. ~They are known throughout the world. But it is gratifying to be able to record the fact that the best minds in the proy- ince are baing devoted to finding a way-in whith ta.make the November to. March period productive and rey- enue-bearing. Tlié people of Sas- katchewan are realizing the economic handicap of their activities being lim- ited to the spring and summer months. They ure getting fretful at the idea of charging up twelve months’ expenses against seven months’ work. No in- dustry can afford so long a shut-down. | katchewan farmers are learning to} keep busy throughout the year. For | instance, they are no longer illumin- ating*the night-skies in the fall with a host of straw volcanoes. They are! finding silos and winter-feeding a} more profitable practice. So warmly are they cultivating the amiable Mr.| Cream-cheque, that Saskatchewan} made more butter in December, 1924, than in August of 1914. So far as! the -winter months in this province are concerned, their one-time “mas-| terly Inactivity” is over. 600,000 Horsepower Undeveloped In terms of agricultural population. eyen the mighty proportions of Sas- katchewan haye a very definite limit. There are 24,000,000 acres under cul-| tivation today, and there are a fur- ther 75,000,000 “surveyed” idle acres and a still further domain of 100,000,- 000 acres to the north empty and un- survey: Although you could easily pour the joint populations of Mani-| toba and Alberta (1,450,000) into the suryeyed section of Saskatchewan, and there would be still room and to spare, | the people are beginning to see the enormous potential wealth behind ag- ricultural Saskatchewan growing in| unison with the industrial development of her-natuval resources, a There are Immense deposits of brick } and tile clays, sodium sulphate, and} soft coal in Southern Saskatchewan. | In the north are the lumber and water- | power resources; also great fish, fur! and minerai wealth—all awalting efll-) cient exploitation. | Who eyer dreams of Saskatchewan | waterpowers? At this hour the r= | bine installation is nil. Yet the fed- eral records show that there is a de- pendable yearly (minimum) flow of 600,000 horsepower in the riv of the province. How can we measure what 600,000 horsepower of potential en- ergy amounts to? As an example, world-famous installation of the hydro electric commission at Niagara Falls today transmits a total of 650,000 h.p, energizing and {illuminating the cities, towns, villages and farms of! coalless Ontario. That is one of the world’s finest instances where science is stralgntenis out one of Nature's | economic tingles. = (To becontinued) Grades of Straw | Provisions of the Dominion Ins; op { They | tion and Sale Act, administered by the | according to the annual report of the said Miss|seed branch at Ottawa, relative to the | department of agriculture. grades of straw are that No. 1 shall} |gloomy days are almost unknown. TI | belleve the sun shines 350 days every | We were induced by our relatives | to come back to Ohio as wages were \good liere and because farmers here From our , experience here and in Western Can- ada, we, a family of eight persons, would a thousand times rather live in Canada. It {s easier for a farmer to make a living there. The laboring }man here has lMttle chance to make a jthe opinion that farming in Canada | offers better opportunities and he has made arrangements to g6 to Alberta to take up land. John A. Mitchell went to Detroit Jast year fom Armstrong Corners, NB. Things have not gone as weil as expected by him and he has decided to return to his native country and 1s to farm at Grande Prairie, Alta. John McCarthy, a native of Ontario. left a farm near Regina four years ago for Detroit. He has now decided that | home aa it takes all his wages to live, | He likes Caaada better and that farm- I earn eight dollars per day and I find | ing offers mere opporiynities than fac- ‘which he made,” the |racer, and declares it will make 60 |the ground and is about a foot and a it takes all T can save in sumimer to carry US over an idle tfme in winter, So at the end of a year I ean usuall balance my ledger with a zero; so LW have our plans made and wwe are going fo drive through in a motor truck. We will camp on the way and enjoy the scenery as it wil be our last trip wesf, for we are never Coming back. I have two friends who lived neigh’ bors tolls in Canada who came back a few years ago. | tory work in a city. Ne is returning |to take up land near Regina. | Eddie Sumerfeld, with bis parents, eft a farm near Verdun, Manitoba, in_ 1911 to go to the United States. They ) settled at Otisville, Michigan. Mr. | Summerfield is going back to Manitoba |with a brotier, He told the Canadian Goyernment office at Detroit that his }parents will follow him back to Can- fada in*April. . They aré sorry they They are now in| ever moved to the United States. Can Speed 50 Miles An Hour Says Young New Yorker “It’s the smallest atilomobile in the world,” Abe Bodolsky, 17 years old, told several hundred New Yorkers who surrounded his machine when he drove it downtown in New York for the first time. Abe calls his car, “Bumble Bee” miles an hour. The car almost sits on the ground. The seat is only a few inches above half wide. ‘There are leather cushions from an old armehair. The car is eight feet long and has a motorcycle engine. The only thing about the “Bumble Bee” of standard measurements is the license plate. Besides the “Bumble Bee,” Abe also has built seyeral miniature motor- boats and-an aeroplane. Values of Production a] NG. World Jealattore. Canada ad United States Cannot Separat= From {international Situation That Canada and the United States could not possibly be isolated from the International situation, on account of the Pacific, was the argumént of Dr. Harry E. Fosdick, of New York, speak- ing at the joint meeting of the Empire Club and the Toronto branch of the League of Nations Society, “It is nonsense,” he said, “to sup- pose that the rest of the world needs a League of Nations and we do not.” His second point was: “If a new « war comes, it Is bound to be a worlil war and it will shake civilization to its foundation.” “All social progress has existed in arrying oyer some area of human from vJolence to co-operation,” life Dr. Fosdick continued. Belgian King Unveils Zeebrugge Memoria) Members of 1918 British Blockading Remarkable Gains in Value of Agricul- tural Products In Canada | An indication of the increase in the} value of agricultural production of{ Canada in recent years is given in| some figures recently by the Domin-| ion bureau of statistics. In 1915 they total agricultural. production was val+ | ued at $1,118,694;000, while in 1924 it} Was $1,453,368,000. The yalue of the} wheat production 10 years ago was $156,462,000, compared With $320,362, 000 last year. Dairy prodticts in- creased in yalue from $66,470,953 in| 1900 to $234,000,00 Oin 1924, Silos In Alberta Great improyement has been made {n the matter of winter feed for dairy cows in Alberta during the past year, There are between 2,500 and 3,000 silos now in Expedition Present at Ceremony The Zeebrugge memorial was un veiled by King Albert of Belgium at the end of the esplanade near the Mole on April 23rd, St. Georg and the anniver of the bloc A notable gathering of members of the 1918 blockading expedition by the British nayy was pr nt at the mony. The memo; sa 70 fl. col wnn of blus fluted granit and ean be seen for many miles by shipping. In addition t6 Vice-Admiral Sir Roger Keyes, who commanded the e li- tion, there w ® present several hold- ers of the C., including Capt. A. F. B. Carpenter, commander of the Vins -* dictive. Want National Exhibition The Montreal international exhibi {ion committee has 1 da resolu be bright, clean, well-sayed oat straw, { the province, most of which have been | tion calling on the authoritles to take suitable for feeding purposes, and that No. 2 shall be long straw from all cul- tivated cereals, sound and fair in col- or. No. 3 grade straw in all straw short and chaffy but sound. Musty! and heated straw grades “rejected. | erected within the past five yea | A liquid fire thrower is the Sree weapon being taken into the African jungle by Dr. W. B. Reid, student of gorilla life. | done necessary steps to have the e@x- nationally recognized as fa Toronto exhibition. the hibition for the Why are men who sey only what they think so hard to find?