aw

ABBOTSFORD, SUMAS AND MATSQUI NEWS

A Mine Of Interesting
Information About Canada

In Archives Of Dominion

: State tone Tinepmfortable

And Coachman Has Dangerous Perch
On Mere Bar
The sum of $40,000 would buy a lot
of comfort in transportation now-
adays. *
But George III. had no conception

Canadian history falls naturally
into four divisions—French rule,
British military control from 1759 to
1764, civil government from 1764 un-
til Confederation, and the post-Con-
federation polities which still exist
to-day.

The story of the first of these
groups, the French regime, is a fas-
cinating one. Composed partly of
original papers and partly of tran-
scriptions from Paris, the section
contains all the royal orders to Can-
ada—covering almost 100 years of
varying fortune. Records of the
ministries of war and marine show
the alternating moods of lavish
generosity and strict economy—of
sheer neglect—which characterized
French rule in Canada. Among the
private papers included in this sec-
tion are those of Bigot, most thiey-
ish of intendents; Montcalm, lovable,
hotheaded and impetuous; Bougain-
ville, gallant soldier, but even more
noted as a navigator; Radisson,
whose story is the story of the Cana-
dian fur trade; and last Johnstone,
that dour Scots Jacobite who poured
out the bitterness of his heart on to
the faded pages of his journal. These
letters show the gallantry, the hopes
and fears, and—alas!—the petty
jealousies that were both the founda-
tion and ruin of New France. Truly
® very wonderful picture!

Nor is the picture of Canada un-
der British rule any less complete.
Among the original papers are all
the military records of the country
from 1786 to 1870—of which more
later—the minutes of the various
legislative councils, correspondence
with the secretary of state, and the
letters of the many governors from
the time of the conquest to Con-
federation. The archives also hold
many transscripts from the public
records office and the British Mu-
seum—chief among which are the
Boquet and Haldimand papers—those
two Swiss soldiers-of-fortune who
left such a mark on American his-
tory. The collection of state papers
from New Brunswick, Nova Scotia
and Prince Edward Island are also
taken from this same source. The
collection of private papers covering
these years is of great interest. Let-
ters of Wolfe, Moncton, Townshend
and Murray throw light on that grim
drama played at Quebec in 1759—in-
cidentally the finest combined naval
and military campaign ever carried
out. For later days, and the politi-
cal development of the country,
there are the letters of Dalhousie,
most misunderstood of governors,
and Lord Durham, whose famous re-
port is the foundation on which the
Dominion was built. Sir John A.
Macdonald’s papers—a library in
themselves—show Canada both be-
fore and after Confederation; a fit-
ting memorial ot a great man. In
truth, the student cannot complain
of paucity of material. Rather it is
8s matter of proceeding with care
and discrimination among the wealth
placed at one’s disposal.

There are in the archives 50,000
yolumes and portfolios of indexed
manuscripts; in addition to this
many thousand—including the Cana-
dian war records—have not yet been
collated. The maps, including charts
and plans—many of which are origi-
nal drawings—number some 30,000;
the oldest map in the collection being
dated 1500. The actual number of
pictures and prints is unknown.
About 2,000 are framed and on dis-
play; and, in all, there are 15,000
catalogued. In the library there are
80,000 books—all relating to Canada
and Canadian history. There is also
a fine collection of pamphlets, old
newspaper files, and journals.

Sir Leicester Harmsworth, who
died at Bexhill-on-Sea recently, will
be gratefully remembered by Cana-
dians for his donation to the Cana-
dian archives of Sir Wilfrid Laurier's
library and also of the Northcliffe
collection of letters, diaries and

Slaughter Of Robins

In North Carolina

into a famous ple.

robins won't fly out.

cents apiece.

millions of the

sky by day,
cedars bent under their weight.

Durham and Burlington.

on their journey northward.

ment sent agents in to stop it.

cents a_ bird,
senseless, wanton
York Journal.

Started Wide Hunt

Druggist Thought He
Poison For Medicine

woman from taking poison.

to drive to their home
mouth, New Hampshire.

an appeal to police.

in which four persons were riding.

prescription.

Cleveland.
spotted the auto at the same time.

you?” called Lieut. Rowland Baehr.

in astonishment.
lot.”

Out came the
poison.

That was the druggist’s error.

Will Be Great Boon

bottle,

Injuring Grass

We are told that the University of
Manitoba chemists are working out
a@ preparation that will kill dande-
lions without injuring grass.

We hope it is true and that the
work of the Manitoba Chemists
meets with every success, Of course
it is true that if they do meet with
a full measure of success, we would
lose a lot of color out of the land-
scape and out of our lives.

A field of dandelions in full bloom
is an impressive sight and even a
beautiful one—at a distance. But
somehow they always look better on
our neighbor's lawn than they look
on our own.

And they always look better on
our neighbor's fields than on our own,
too. But we are quite unselfish
about it. Quite willing for them to

manuscripts relating to Canada—
Canada Weekly, London, Eng.

Celebrates Diamond Jubilee
Second in size among Canadian
universities, the University of Mani-
toba has celebrated its diamond
jubilee. Sixty years ago, the uni-
versity made an inauspicious begin-
ning and grew steadily, until to-day
it has an enrolment of 2,469 students
in regular courses and nearly as
many again in summer school
courses. It stands second to the cen-

tury-old University of Toronto.

A Canadian professor told the

Board of Trade of Toronto recently
that, if women had not gone on re-
ducing diets, there would have been
no world depression. Isn't it astno-
ishing how much some of these col-
lege professors know?

have the beauty as well as the milk
and butter taint.

In recent years, however, there
| have been more than enough dande-
| lions to go round. More than enough
| for every lawn and every field, and
they have increased to the point
| where they have become a menace
| and a pest, so that is why we hope
|the Manitoba chemists’ dream will}
come true.—Seaforth Expositor. |

| A New Wake-Upper

Richard Hess, a sound-sleeping
New York college student who found
himself grown immune to alarm
clocks, contrived a complicated de-
vice. At 7 am. the alarm goes off,
starts the radio and dumps a4 glass
of cold water in his face. Now the
grim and inventive Mr. Hess answers
to daily roll-call with washed and
shiny face as bright as any of his

Large Number Were Killed And Sold

Five and twenty blackbirds went
A pie can also
be made of five and twenty robins.
Unlike the blackbirds, however, the

That's why some of your favorite
robins haven’t shown up this spring
to hop about your lawn and tussle
with worms. They were sold for two

On their way north, millions and
perky red-breasts
assembled in a swamp near Chapel
Hill, North Carolina. They filled the
By night the pines and

And at night, hundreds of men
and boys went in and slaughtered the
sleeping birds wholesale with clubs.
The robins were worth just two cents
each in the neighboring cities of

The same thing happened at other
points where the robins congregated

So tremendous was the killing that
the United States Biological Survey
and the State Conservation Depart-

In such a manner was the passen-
ger pigeon exterminated. For a few
and through plain,
slaughter.—New

Had Given

A druggist’s error sent police of
three states into action to save a

Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Sigsbee had
been visiting in South Bend, Indiana.
There they had a prescription for
sinus medicine filled. Then they left
in Ports-

The druggist’s anxiety resulted in
Calls went out
over police radio systems. A mes-
sage was sent over the interstate
teletyp@ system asking authorities to
be on the lookout for a maroon sedan

According to the message sent to
Acting Detective Chief Frank J.
Leigh, Mrs. Sigsbee had a bottle of
deadly poison which she obtained by
mistake when she ordered the sinus

Then Buffalo police received a mes-
sage that the Sigsbee car had been
stopped in Euclid, Ohio, a suburb of
Two Euclid police cars
“You didn’t use the medicine, did

“Why, yes,” Mrs. Sigsbee replied
‘It helped me a

It wasn’

If Dandelions Can Be Killed Without

of modern ease and only an eye for
the ornate. >
As a result the parliament of his

appealing to the eye but, sprung
ride for its occupants.

jolting, rib-jarring journeys

investment. For at 176 years it still
looks like new. And it is a tribute
to the original workmanship that the
same wheels and axles which carried
George IlI., George IV., William IV.,
Queen Victoria, Edward VII. and
George V., also carried King George
VI. and his consort to their corona-
tion.

Designed by Sir William Cham-~-
bers, the coach bears paintings by

leather springs, the coach is covered
entirely in gold leaf. Like the coach
itself, the wheels are heavy and
ornately carved.

While the occupants are anything
but comfortable, the coachman’s posi-
tion is almost bordering on danger-
ous. He rides on a seat which is a
mere bar and the postillions do most
of the driving.

Mermen blowing on conch shells
support the coachman’s _ uncertain
perch. At the back of the coach are
Neptune figures bearing trients. A
gold crown, similar in design to the
crown of St. Edward, surmounts the
domed roof.

By Royal Permission

Names Have Been Chosen For New
Series Of Locomotives

the famous Florentine artist, Gio-| ing c and une p
vanni Batista Cipriani. With the ex-| form part of this great assemblage.
ception of the panels, roof and| This interesting bird city is so situ-

The L.M. & S. Railway Company
announce that, by Royal permission |
the following names have been!
chosen for the five new streamlined)
locomotives of the “Princess'’ series
now under construction at the com-)
pany’s Crewe works, and intended
for the impending 6%4 hours express)
service between Glasgow and Lon-|
don:—No. 6220, Coronation; No.
6221, Queen Blizabeth; No. 6222,
Queen Mary; No. 6223, Prince Alice;
and No. 6224, Princess Alexander
(after the daughter of the Duke and
Duchess of Kent).—Edinburgh Scots-
man.

For Basque Children
Bond Street solved the problem of
its Coronation Day “bed sheets’ by
presenting them to the Basque chil-

Interesting Bird City

Attracts Thousands Of Tourists To
Gaspe Coast Every Year
Thousands of tourists annually
visit the Gaspe coast in the vicinity
of Perce Rock and Bonaventure Is-
land attracted largely by the spec-
tacle provided by colonies of sea

‘birds which nest on the great rock

and on the ledges of the island.

day paid for a state coach which is) Perce Rock, with its sheer sides ris-

ing directly from the water for near-

from leather straps, provides a rough| ly three hundred feet, and its great

larch passageway,

eighty feet

birds nest on it and on Bonaventure
Island. More than 13,000 gannets—
great white birds as large as geese,
with black wing tips—make their
summer homes here. Thousands of
them, looking at a distance like
great snowbanks, sit close packed in
serried ranks on their nests on the
lofty ledges, while hundreds of
others soar and wheel majestically
over the sea before the precipice.
Other remarkable sea birds, includ-

ated that it may be observed and
photographed conveniently without
harming or disturbing its feathered
citizens. Sea-going motor boats
carry parties of visitors past the
lofty cliffs where the gannets nest,
and there are excellent points of
vantage on the land at the top of
the cliff and on the crest of the main-
land cape opposite Perce Rock.—
Canadian Resources Bulletin.

Had Important Duty

King George VI. Was Range Finder
In Battle Of Jutland

How the accuracy of the guns of
H. M. S. Collingwood at the Battle
of Jutland, depended on the skill of
King George VI. to work the calcu-
lating instruments in the foremost
turret of the ship was disclosed at
Belfast by James Moffatt, former
petty officer, with the present King
at the time.

“His Majesty displayed an utter
disregard for himself and with great
zeal and earnestness put every ounce
of his royal manhood into his fight-
ing duty, for which he was highly
commended,” Moffatt said.

He described the King’s work as
“a yery important duty, upon the
accuracy of which the guns depend-

Efficiency Of Rural Schools
Cannot Be Maintained If
Teachers Are Poorly Paid

|

in| “Hinchingbrooke” on the Aquitania
But the coach, despite its many|span, through which small boats! passenger list we started trying out
over| may pass, is a breath-taking attrac-| pronunciations.
London's cobbled streets, is made of tion in itself, and thousands of sea! the Viscount Hinchingbrooke, heir of
stern stuff, and was probably a good|

|
|

ed for their hits.” }

“This operation begins as soon as|
the enemy is sighted and continues
until the ‘cease fire’ is sounded,” he}
continued. ‘During all this time the |
guns are trained on the enemy and
the turret is completely sealed from
the outside world. No one ever en-
ters or leaves the turret and the

dren, refugees of the ish civil
war. They will be made into cloth-
ing. These “bed sheets” are the 750
pieces of wool which the Bond
Street merchants hung outside their
shops as Coronation Day ornaments.

Worked In A Circle

When rats overran Sable Island,
Nova Scotia, cats were imported.
They killed off the rats and began
on rabbits. Foxes, introduced to
fight the cats, not only killed all the
cats, but the birds, as well, and the
people appealed to the government

t

‘ter, N.S.W., when 100,000 tons of tall

rang ping instr ts never
stop even for a moment.

“T was the nearest person to the
King during the battle, working my
instrument in communication with
his until the German fleet tured
away from the fight.”

A Big Timber Crash
The biggest “timber crash” ever
contrived was staged near Glouces-

trees were felled down a mountain-
side for the benefit of movie camera-
men. Thousands of trees had been

| classmates. 2205

to exterminate the foxes.

Automobile horns may be installed

on trolley cars of England shortly.

partly severed so they would fall
when the topmost section was dyna-
mited. Ten cameras were used to
record the monster crash.

~~ MakeaSummer Hit--It’s Quickly Knit
ta ~

PATTERN 5534

You'll have travel, sports and dress coat-in-one in this handsome jiffy-

knit style—one that invites immediate making!

rib stitch that makes the body and

stockinette stitch. Germantown wool's both light and warm.
5534 you will find complete instructions for making the swagger coat shown
in sizes 16-18 and 38-40; an illustration of it and of all the stitches used;

material requirements.

To obtain this pattern send 20 cents in stamps or coin (coin preferred)
to Household Arts Dept., Winnipeg Newspaper Union, 175 McDermot Ave.

E., Winnipeg.

There is no Alice Brooks pattern book published

Household

Start now on the simple}
sleeves. Cuffs, border and yoke take
In pattern

\Inyention Of Belgian Engineer Ex-

|“triumph” as pronounced in French.

Easy When You Know

Spelling Does Not Govern Pronuncia-
tion Of Many Names
The moment we saw the name

But the Rt. Hon.,
the Earl of Sandwich, let us down
badly. He pronounces it Hinching-
brooke.

We don’t think it was unreasonable
of us to decide that it was pro-
nounced “Hibber”; after all the Vis-
count comes from a country where
they spell a town’s name “Saw-
bridgeworth’ and pronounce it “Sap-
ser.’ And recently on the Ie de
France we met a Mr. Beauchamp
who called himself ‘“Beechum.”

Our notes on passenger list names
include a Mrs. Belvoir who simmers
it down to “Beaver,” and the various
members of the Bourjois family,
from England, who come and go all
the time and always have to explain
to Americans that they call it “Bur-
joyce.”

When we approached the Viscount
on the pronunciation of his name he
said, “Oh, I say, I see what you
mean, like pronouncing Cholmond-
eéley, ‘Chumley’.” We told him that
was exactly what we meant and
asked him if there was any truth in
the story that Lord Bottomeley once
called on Lord Chol deley and left

The efficiency of rural schools in
Canada is a problem inseparably
linked with the salaries of teachers,
and the present situation in that re-
spect is the subject of a report by
the Dominion Bureau of Statistics.
The Bureau's findings are summar-
ized by it in these words:

“Salaries of teachers in one-room
schools have been reduced more than
one-half in one or two provinces; in
several they now average only one-
third of what the city teacher is paid
and at best are not more than one-
half; in a majority of the provinces
the average is well below $500.”

With this result:

“These teachers are moving from
one school to another every year or
every second year in an attempt to
better their position, where the city
teacher remains in her position from
seven to ten years, It follows that
they have lower certificates and less
experience than the urban teachers,
though it can hardly be said that
their task is proportionately less
difficult.”

The tables do not cover the prov-
inces of Nova Scotia, Quebec and Al-
berta, and for Ontario the returns
are not complete, but enough is re-
vealed to indicate the gravity of this
national problem of the rural school.
A surprising number of teachers in
one-room rural schools receive less
than $300 a year—twenty of them in
Prince Edward Island, 78 in New

word that “Lord Bumley” had called.
He didn’t know about this.

The i clan
things by calling it “Bewlee,” and
although we have never had the
pleasure of meeting the Marjori-
banks family, we were told by 4
steward on the Berengaria the last
time they arrived to be sure and pro-
nounce it “Marchbanks.”

We have, however, encountered the
Farquharsons, who chopped the diffi-
culty down to practically nothing by
pronouncing it “Farson.” But who
are we to talk, we who have a silent
“g” and “h'’?—Dixie Tigh, in New
York Post.

tes

A New Machine

tracts Moisture From Air
A machine which extracts mois-
ture from the air, and is expected to
be of great service in countries where
the water problem is acute, has been
constructed at Trans, in Provence,
by M. Knapen, Belgian engineer.
The main apparatus is some twelve
meters high. The inner casings,
which form a passage for the alr,
are two and a half meters thick. In
the interior 3,000 slates gather the
condensed moisture provided by the
variation in the temperature during
the day and night. The amount of
water resulting depends upon the
numbers of the slates, the moisture
content of the air and the extent of
the variation in temperature between
day and night.—Christian Science
Monitor.

Deserves To Succeed

Woman Pacifist Trying To Do Away
With Toys Suggesting War

Children will play with tin soldiers
no more if Mrs. J. P. Herring, an
ardent New York pacifist, has her
way. At a recent meeting she ad-
vocated an attempt to convince toy
manufacturers that there is a mar
ket for lead postmen and hod car-
riers and other workers of society,
instead of toy soldiers.

Plenty of energetic tools and toys
can be given to children to use, 50
that toy pistols will gather dust sim-
ply because they are inadequate in
holding the interest when compared
to less objectionable playthings.

Had Him Worrled

A young Canadian girl, a resident
of Kingston, Ontario, while visiting
some friends in England, desired to
send a cable home, and having writ-
ten it out, handed it to a clerk in
the cable office.

The clerk appeared to be rather
worrled about it, and, after consult-
ing various reference books, said to
the girl: ‘I can find Kingston-on-
Hull and Kingston-on-Thames, but I
cannot locate Kingston-on-Tario,”

Take Your Choice
A pretty good firm is “Watch &
Waite,”
And another is

“Attit, Early &

}lakes with which Finland is

Br ‘k, 21 in Manitoba, 19 in
Saskatchewan, one in Ontario. The
largest group, except in Ontario re-
ceived between $400 and’ $500—On-
tario’s largest group were paid be-
tween $600 and $700 each. The
classes above $700 a year include
only two teachers in Prince Edward
Island, 11 in New Brunswick, 37 in
Manitoba, 113 in Saskatchewan, but
1,700 in Ontario.

It is useless to expect efficiency in

eight or ten dollars a week, and we
have no reason to be proud of paying
members of the honorable and essen-
tial profession of teaching less, in
many instances, than we pay casual
laborers. Nor is the teacher the sole,
or even the principal, sufferer. The
quality of the profession is bound to
suffer, in the uncertainty of employ-
ment even at a pitiful wage. Those
in it are concerned largely with get-
ting out of it. There are, as the
Bureau of Statistics points out, fre-
quent changes of teachers. The in-
terests of pupils inevitably suffer,
and the cause of education is ham-
pered.

The fact that the situation in On-
tario relatively is good must not
blind our eyes to the other fact, that
in other parts of Canada there is
reason for great concern. F

There is too xreat a tendency to
starve the rural schools, and pro-
vincial governments must take the
major share of responsibility.
spend millions on paved roads,
example, while rural teachers
paid $300 to $400 a year, does not
make an impressive picture. The
provinces cannot shelter themselves
behind school trustees and rural tax-
payers, and say the situation is not
in their hands. It is the business of
the provinces to see that educational
standards are maintained, and they
have no more important business.—
Ottawa Journal.

A Strange Confession

Toronto Dentist Says He Is Scared
Stiff In Chair
Dr. J. B. Greer, Toronto dentist,
told the Ontario Dental Association
convention he is “scared stiff” of a
dental chair but he tried out a new
application of nitrous oxide or laugh-
ing gas and remarked afterwards:
“That’s great.’ The new machine
allows a patient to administer as
much laughing gas as he feels he
needs while having his tooth treated.
The patient remains entirely con-
scious taking only enough anaes-
thetic to eliminate pain.

Wealth In Forests

Finland is a large country, but the
cultivated area is very small. The
wealth of the natiori is in the great
virgin forests of pine, spruce, birch
and fir which cover the rocky sur-
face of the land, including 80,000
{slands which rest in the 60,000
be-
jewelled. The railways in Finland
are the cheapest in Europe, and it is
possible to travel 900 miles for $5.

Layte”;
And still another is “Do & Dairet’; |
And the best is probably “Grinn &)
Barrett.”

As used in card games, the word
“trump” is a corruption of the word|

Another reason why romance last-
ed longer in the old days was that a
bride looked much the same after
washing her face.

Jugoslavia has 6,327 miles of rail-

| ways

the rural schools on salaries of six, ©