INGREDIENT SUBSTITUTIONS

1 square (1 oz.) chocolate equals 3 tablespoons cocoa plus 1
tablespoon vegetable shortening.

1 3/4 cups (approximately) all-purpose flour equals 2 cups cake
flour.

2/3 cups honey equals 1 cup sugar plus 1/3 cup of water.

1 package (8 to 9 oz.) macaroni or spaghetti equals 4 to 5 cups
cooked.

1 cup raw rice equals 3 cups of cooked rice, approximately.

1 1/2 cups corn syrup equals 1 cup sugar plus 1/2 cup of water.

2 tablespoons flour (for thickening) equals 1 tablespoon corn
starch.

2 cups ground meat (tightly packed) equals 1 pound.

3 cups ground meat (loosely packed) equals 1 pound.

2 1/2 cups raisins equals 1 pound.

3 cups coarsely chopped nuts equals 1 pound.

1 cup sweet milk equals 1 cup sour milk plus 1 teaspoon soda.

1/2 teaspoon soda plus 1 cup sour milk equals 2 teaspoons baking
powder.

2 cups equals 1 can (tall)

2 1/2 cups equals No. 2 can

3 1/2 cups equals No. 2 1/2 can

1 lemon (medium) equals 3 tablespoons juice

1 orange (medium) equals 1/2 cup juice

2 Tablespoons shortening equals 1 ounce.

TABLE OF MEASUREMENTS AND ABBREVIATIONS

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MEASURES OF FRUITS AND NUTS

1 pound dates measure about 2 cups

1 pound raisins, prunes, dried apricots, dried peaches, dried
pears or dried figs measures about 3 1/4 to 3 1/2 cups

1 pound dried apples measure about 5 cups

1 pound cut-up candied fruit peel measures about 3 cups

1 pound shelled almonds or Brazil nuts measure about 3 cups

1 pound shelled walnuts or pecans measure about 4 cups

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