y he ie y E me ; . Poe id Bei j “4 ante ee Ga ri es x i s ‘ , ‘ be ? oy ye te 2 . ee ‘ - . ze - ed by the Research Department of the ~ basinbasin also deprived Germany of * of $55,000,000,000. ~ 12 and 15 Ib. per acre. ~ very similar. Made After Of Gaeta Careful Study pa -- By American Financial Experts “According to a study just complet- Bankers Trust Company of New York, the wealth of Germany today is $55, 000,000,000. This figure is arrived at after making allowance for the ter- ritorial lossesimposed by the Versail- Jes Treaty, the factybeing kept in mind that, while some of this territory was agricultural, and not highly produc- tive, yet the Joss of Alsace-Lorraine carried with it very large resources of iron and potash, as well as in- dustrial works of considerable magni- tude, while the occupation of the Saar extensive coal deposits. The fact also was taken into consideration that in losing part of Silesia, Germany lost many industrial plants and large iron and zine deposits. and 42% per cent. of all the German coal lying within five hundred yards of the surface. Al- lowance was made also for the depre- cigtion in buiidings and structures and the decreased productivity of agricul- ural fands. The accepted pre-war German esti- mate, that of Dr. Karl Helfferich, was 310 billion fold marks ($73, 780,000, | 000,- 099). |pir Yosiai"C. Stamp, the Se known English statisticlan and écono- mist, in an estimate made in 1919, raised this figure to $80,500,000,000 to make allowance for several items which he felt Dr. Helfferich had over- looked. Dr. Helfferich, just before his death, in a special series of articles on Ger-, many’s finances contributed to the ~ London Stalist, estimated the present- day wealth of Germany somewhat lower. Takings as a basic figure 200 billion gold marks, or say. $47,600,- 000,000, he reduced this amount by making allowance for diminishéd pro> ductivity of the intrinsic value of Germany's wealth. On this account . he made a reduction of 50 billion gold vmarks, or $11,900,000, 000, concluding “that the present value of the German ‘national wealth would amount to 150 billion gold marks, or about $35,700,- 000,000, In view of qhe facts regarding Ger- many’s industrial plants and the excel- lent condition of her railroads, as giv- en in the Dawes report, the Research Department of the Bankers Trust Company is of the opinion that this last reduction of 50 billion gold marks \ made by Dr. Helffertch is, not. quite fair, and therefore that the ‘actual wealth of Germafty today lies some- where between his basse figure of $47.- 600,000,000 and the estimate inde- pendently made by the Trust Company \ Rate Of Seeding Sweet. Glover! Light Seeding Appears To Do As Well As Heavier Sown Land Four plots of sweet clover were sown at the Brendon, Man. Experi- mental Farm, without a nurse crop in the springs of 1922 and 1923, at four different rates, respectively, 6, 9. The Superin- tendent of the Farm,/Mr. W. C. Mc- Killican, states in his report for 1923, that an equally gocd stand was obtain- ed from the lightest seeding as from the heaviest, while the total yield was There was no signifi- cant difference in the Quality of the hay as a result of the different rates of seeding. Mr. MeKillican also states, but, he adds, that the crop as a whole was soiwewhaf coarse com- pared with the crop, from plefs that had been seeded down with a nurse | / crop. The standard rate of seeding sweet clover cn the Brandon Farm js 10 pounds per acre of scarified seed when a nurse crop js used and pounds when sown alone., These rates appear to be sufficiently heayy the superintendent remarks, and larger} quantities are nol recommended unless the seed bed i# in poor shape. The Forkless*Age England gets ready to celebrate in 1932 the 300th anniversary of the first use of forks by the Brilish. Before then, they ate with their fingers. Three centuries seem long ago. It is. But in 1632 when some unknown English pr brought the first work over rance, “the good old days” were eir best. Shakespeare had been dead sixteen years. The immortal bard never used a fork. He never even saw one. It must have been a sight to watch people eat in those “good old days.”— Calgary Albertan. Claims Record For Holstein’ A world’s record for his senior year-old Holstein Friesian heifer, Wil- liamsburg Pontiac, is claimed by Dr. M. W, Locke, Williamsburg, Ont., as the result of a 30-day test, showing “production of 2,788.5 pounds of milk and 113.82 pounts butter fat, equival- ent to 142.28 pounds of butter. + When to Cut Sunflowers for Silage Made in Stages of D Pp _ Valuable light has been thrown on the question of making suuflower sil- age. by experiments conducted at the Brandon, Mani_oba, Experimental Farm. Six smal] silos, each capable of holding about @™half-ton of sun- flower silage were used. These were filled with sunflowers cut at different stages of development. © The first cut- ting was made on August 15 when: the hheads were just forming on some of the plants while on others.they had not commenced to form. The secorid cutting was inade when about 10 per cent, of the heads had come into bloom. Later cuttings were made at ‘definitely observed stages, ‘the last one being on October 2, when about half the heads were ripe and half were in the “dough” stage. In each case the sunflowers were allowed to lie on the ground for twenty-four hours be- fore putting them inte the silo. They were then cut up and firmly compress- ed in the silos. The yield varied from cr) a first ¢ fting, to 11 ,tons, 80 pounds in the latest cutting. The percentage of moisture varied fom $1.7 in the first out to 69.2 in the last” The highest tonnage per acre was 14 tons, 1,856 pounds, containing 76 per cent. of water, cut on the 7th of September, when 60 io 65 per cent. of the crop was in bloom. ‘The silos were all opened on the same day in December. The silage had ‘cept well ‘and was in good feeding condition. Feeding tests Were made on the palatability and other points covering the relative yalue of the silage cut at the different periods. The conclusion was reach- ed, insofar as one experiment justifies making a deduction, that the crop cut on August 31’/and September 17 were nearly as good. In other words, the cutting of sunflowers when™from one- third to full bloom gaye better results thah cutting earlier or leaving later. Within these,raages the difference in dates of cutting are of little conse- quence. Experiments at Cutting or € Less Crimes of Scrious Nature Drunkenness Figures Largely Tabulation of Offences Crime in the more, serious categor- jes is somewhat on the decline in Can- ada, while offences that are less grave are on the increase, aceording to a tabulation of criminal) statistics just completed by the Bureau of Statistics coyering the year 1923: > onyictions for) murder declined \from 19 to 15, while for manslaughter the convictions last yeap were 38, compared with 45 in 1922. © Shooting, Stabping and wounding convictions totalling 157, in 1923, show an increase of 38 over the previous In 2 ;| year. Convictions for offences against "| liquor and prohibition ‘acts, decreased from 8,519 in 1922, to 8,088. In On- tario they were increased from 3,246 to 3,958, and in Quebee, from 954 to 1,724. There were smaller increases in Manitoba and Saskatchewan, but a decline in British Columbia and Al berta. In drunkenness, Ontario, among all the provinces, has the unenyiable dis- tinction of heading the list of conyic- tions. The number grew from 10,063 in 1922, to 11,370 in 1923. In Que bec, they declined from 7,103 to 6,260 1922 and 1923 respectively. There were slight declines in the. Maritime Provinces, Alberta and British Colum- bia. For the whole of Canada, the figures for the two years are remark- ably similar, totalling 25,565 in 1923, as compared with 25,048 in 1922, S. A. Lads For Manitoba A -party, 32 vigorous young men arrived recently over Canadian Na- tiong] lines desfined for the Salvation Army immigration, headqvarters at Brandon, from wlrence they will go to farms to prepere for harvest work. This is the first and smaller of two parties of carefully chosen Old Coun- try boys being brought out by the Salvation Army this summer to en- gage in farm work in Western Can- ada, Our Big Railway Mileage Canada has one mile of railway to every 220 people, a larger mileage in proportion to population than any other country, with a total mileage of nearly 40,000. The Government owns ‘br controls a mileage of 22,600—the Canadian National Railways—making it the largest public-owned system in *| the world. Many people think that the metal brass is mined somehow or another. Asa matter of fact, brass_is not a metal in itself, but is an al- loy, OF mixture, of copper “and zinc. (pickets. atre athe paper % a Natural Resources Bulletin Forests of Canada Supplying Employ- ment For Many Workmen The Natural Resources Intelligence Service of the Department of the In- terior at Ottawa/ says? The range and variety of forest pro- ducts which Canada is supplying to the world can, in a limited way, be seen in the report of her exports. These, while little detail is given, in- dicate that our forests are providing the raw materials.that in turn provide labor for enormovs numbers of me- chanics and laborers in the many trades and industries included under the general class of-wood workers. In the building industries, there were exports of 2,349,853,000 feet of, planks and boards, 1,611,923,000 lath, 2,519,734,000 shingles, and 51,346,000 For construction purposes 179,987,- 000 feet of square timber was export- ed, much the greater portion being ‘of pauses fir. > = Railway construction in other countries called for-1,102,809 railway ties, while telegraph and telephone poles exported numbered 548,382. Cedar logs in the rough amounted to (99,637,000 fert, a large portion of which went to the United States, where they are cut into shingles. Pulpwood amounting to 1,444,693 cords and 173,068 tons of woodpulp were exported for the manufacture of 5 Roo —— It will eadite be seen, therefore, that Canada’s forests, in addition to assisting materially in building up her export trade, are supplying the med- jum of employment to @any workmen in, other lands. Dates For 1925 Fairs Western Fair Circuit Decides on Plans, For Next Year A At a meeting of officials of the Western Fair Circuit Weld in Regina, the following dates were arranged. for next year’s fair, : Brandon, June 29 to July 4; Calgary, July 6 to 11; Edmon- ton, July 13 to 19; Saskatoon, july 20 to 25; Regina, July 27 to Aug.\1. It was decidéd that Saskatoon and Regina faiis w ould assume the expense of the constretion of the Wy namometey that has proved such a popular at- traction this year, Edmonton and Cal- gary to pay $100 rental. The four fairs will pool the expenses of trans- portations and this will be made a per- Manent policy. @¢ AMBASSADOR KELLOGG chief Ainerican plenipotentiary at the Inter-Allied Conference in London, who bent all his efforts towards heal- ing the breach between the French delegates and Anglo-American fin- anciers. A Powerful Argument a\ - If Canada Grows to Thirty Million Hudson Bay Route Is Needed Our statistician,” says Invest- ments, the House or ath Thomson and Company, Limited, “has figured | out that by 1950 at the present rate of | increase, the population of the United States wil be 500,000,000 and that of Canada 30,000,000." This is put forward as a powerful argument in favor of thé St. Lawrence preject from the hydro-eléctric development stand- point. “If there is a power hunger now what will be the development in ten yearS from now, and what will be the need twenty years from now?” Quite true! With thirty million peo- ple in Canada twenty-six years from now, thére will be use for hydro-elec- tric developn:ent; but the strange thing is that all Bastern Canada can see great things grouped around Tor- onto and Montreal; they can picture the millions of the great west as cus- tomers of the hydro-electric industries along the St. Lawrence, but they re- fuse to see the need for cheap trans- portation for our wheat dnd cattle to the world markets via the Hudson Bay Route. So far as the east is concern- It was generally agreed that the! present system of choosing platform | attractions at the time ‘of the an-| nual meeting was not suitable ahd sug- gestions whieh will be laid before the | various fair boards were made for, se- | lecting the attractions later in the year. \ Expect Large Cattle Exports A Steady Export Trade Expected Up to End of the Year Already this year the figures for cat- Ule exports from Canada to Great Bri-|- tain are far ahead of ‘last year, ac- cording to H. §. Arkell, Dominion Livestock Commissioner, in an inter- view at the Fort Garry Hotel during his recent visit - to! Winnipeg. Mry Arkell said he had it from’ the leading cattle exporters throughout the Do- minion that they expect a very steady export trade in cattle right up to the end of the year. He had béen happy to learn that the yarious shipments of fat cattle to the Old Country, which had been fed in the open throughout the winter at Bdmonton and shipped by Canadian National this spring, real- ized good prices. “This ~ success should hearten the western farmer, it shows what is possible in this direc’ tion,” said the commisisoner. as - There are no records to prove that the children in ancient Greece or Rome ever played with toys. It fs not the cost of a bay reputa- tion that matter: ; it is the upkeep! "geared to a variable series of heayy ed it is millions for the St. Lawrence and not a dollar (not even of our own money from land sales), for the de yelopment of the Hudson Bay. But thirty millions for Canada and five hundred millions for the United States is just as powerful an argu- ment for the development of the Hud- son Bay. ag it is for the St. Lawrence project—Mocse Jaw Times. Pulling-Test Wagon Increzse In Efficiency of Horse and Mule Hauling Is Attained An inerease in efficiency of one- third in the use of horse and mule ha & is expected trom the re- sults of the pulling-test wagon’ of Iowa State College. The wagon is weights, and when the pulling team is started the force exerted is accur- ately shown from the weights lifted. The tests have already supplied in- formation that may prove very useful. It has been shown, for instance, that the r pve power of draft animals may give a short pull of six or tight times the average work, that good roads about treble pulling power as compared with ordinary farm roads, and that a level granite block road offers ease of pulling a load next to that of steel ra Is. Saved Him From Figuring Customer.—*You don’t seem so quick at figures, my boy.” ‘0, boss. Most of the _‘Keep the change.” "LADY BYNG COMES | HOME Tr The Lord aa and Lady Mayoress of Liverpool, bidding good- bye to Lady Byng, wife of the Governor-General of Cat:ada, when she Jeft for the ; Dontilang on board the Canadian Pacific liner Montclere, a { pany has received orders to supply the Montreal Harbor Board with two ‘Tull cargoes of lumber from British Columbia milis, the quant being dn Renee Misleading Stories Of Canada’ Ss Climate W hich Tend To Retard Immigration Egg-Laying Contest Results Average Yield of Eggs Increasing With Each Succeeding Contest Six thousand, six hundred and eighty hens competed in the egg-laying con- tests conducted by the Dominion Ex- years of operation. These contesfs include the Canadian confest for the whole of Canada, carried on at Ottawa, and provincial contesis conducted at an experimental farm or station in each of the provinces. The numbers cf birds entered as well as the, average yield per hen, inéreased with each succeeding con- test. The first year, 1,616 birds gave an average of 112.6; the second year 2,480 yielded an average of 134.5; and for the third yevr, namely, 1921-22, 2,590 birds yielded an average of 146.8 eges per bird. The average cost ot the eggs produced was approximatély 25 cents per dozen for the three years. These centesis are associated With the Record of Performance fer poultry, which granis\registration to birds tha lay, in twelve months, 200 or ‘mo: eggs weighing at least ounces to the dozen. relietble eke oeestratio sons or grandsons of regis females and otherwise meet officia requirements, According to the re- port on the contests, which is issued as Bulletin No, 38 of the Department of Agriculture at Oitawa, 23 per cent. of the hens taking part qualified for registration in 1920, 36.4 per cent. in 1821, 40.8 in 1922. | In the latter year, 402 birds qualified, and, of this num- ber, 269 are reported to have been registered by their owners. ~ Nine breeds were represented, the leaders being Baried Rocks, single Comb Leg- horns, White Wyandottes and Single Comb Anconas. “f they are atie a ‘Canadian Coal Output Continuance of Strikes Has Resulted ‘In Lower Production The output of Coal from Canadian mines declined during the month of May to the lowest point reached since April, 1923, due to the continuance of strikes in Alberta and Eastern British Columbia and to the lessened output from Nova Scotia owing to the lack of orders. The total Canadian-out- put during May amounted to 708,004 short tons or a decrease of about 30 per cent. below the tonnage for the previous month. While the output in every coal:producing province was lower than im-April, the falling off was most serious in Nova Scotia, where production fell from 646,000 tons in April to 430,000 tons in May. Comparison ot May and April fig- ures, covering importation of coal from the United States and Great Britain,| showed a marked increase. May im- ports amounted to 1,110,126 tons while in April, 734,991 tons were brought in, Exports of Canadian coal in May were larger than in April. In May, 47,965 tons were exported and in April, 5,318 tons. The total num- ber of men employed in Canadian coal mines in May was 20,607. The month- ly production per man was 34.3 tons for May as against 48 tons per man for April. The above figures appear in the monthly report of coal statistios for Canada issued by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics. The vicarsof a parish in the west of England fell ill one Saturday afternoon and a certain famous canon who hap- pened to be staying in the neighbor-~ hood consented to conduct the sery- ices on the Sunday. At the clo:e of evening service, the churchwardens smbled in the yes- try to thank him. e - “It’s very kind of you, we’m sure, said one of them. “A much r man than you would have done for we, but we couldn't find one.” Do Not Use Player-Pianos Germans make player-pianos in large numbers, but mostly for export, and admit tl do not know how to play them suc a home ssfully. Inthe hope certain market, interested persons have arranged for an English expzrt on these instru ments to give a rerles of concerts in the bigger cities. Music teaclers are correspondingly dismayed. B.C, Lumber For Montreal The Southern Alberta Lumber Com- excess of seven million feet. The Sugar cane juice, constituting about 80 per cent. of the weight or the caue, is clarified by the addition of lime, London has 186 different omnibus perimental Farms in the first three twenty-fow “4m Males are also” Canadian delegates attending the first congress of the Empire Commer- cial Travellers’ Association in Lon- don came manfully to the defence of Canada’s climate the other day. It appears that some newspaper reports published in Great Britain had spok- en of the severity of our winter, of our roags made impassable by snow and our motorists obliged to equip their cars with sleighs in order to P travel on the highways. To correct : false impressions which might be created, by thesé tales, the Canadian commercial travellers told of their ex- periences of winter motoring and of the clothing they wore during the ve ter months. Canada has to admit having a win- ter but does not like the title, “Our Lady of the Snows,? conferred upon the country by Mr. Kipling to be in- terpreted ton literally. Mr, E. W. Beatty, President of the Canadian. Pacific Railway Company, recently told the Association of Advertising Clubs of the World at its meeting in Eng: St, that Canada’s winter should be ited as one of its assets. “WiIth- that winter,” he said, “we should not be able to grow the hard wheat on which so much of the prosperity of the Canadian west depends and which every miller in the! United — tes desires for his choicest flour. Withoty that. winter we should not have th ving animals and ‘the | ue | aah unas ob for three hundred i on years has beew™@R Of Canada’s basic > q industries. Wictho® “all that winter we a could not haul so eco do the products of offs a pulp mills. And, last but no: without that winter, we could not the virile, sturdy manhood which whole world; particularly since achievements of the Canadian army the Great War, has comie to iden with the Canadian race.” Yes, we must adinit tlfat we hav winter, but we object to disseminat of the idea that all Canada is an 4 tic waste, covered, for six months of © the year with deep snow, and that its inhabitants are forced to clothe them- selve® like Eskimos and remain hod- dled in the igloos for shelter from the cold from November until April.” For- tunately, sueh an idea could scarcely be widely entertained in Great Britain. So many people from the British Isles visit the Dominion during the winter months and sc many have found homes here that it is hard to believe such a description could be credited. Surely, it must be uyderstood that climatic conditions vary in different parts of a country as yast as this, that in some parts of Canada the winter does not differ greatly from that of Great Britain and that in others the clear, cold weather makes it necessary to heat houses properly and to wear warm Clothing, but is healthy and per- mits indulgence in outdoor sports to enjoy which English people go to Swiss winter resorts, People contemplating migration from Britain to Canada Should be ac- ~ quainted with the general character \ of the climate of the section of the country in which they intend settling. They should not come to this country late in the autumn unprepared to face winter “conditions. On the other hand, they should not be deterred from seeking homes in Canada by false no- ~ tions about its climate, which is not unendurable and which has not pre-— vented others from earning a good living and enjoying life in the Doe minion.—Mail and Empire. Ae Unemployment Conference Wednesday, September 3, is the date fixed for the general conference in Ot- tawa on unemployment, according ta word received from ‘Hon. James Mur- dock, Federal Minister of Labor. BEx- penses of,delegates from provincial governments, cities and various or- ganizations invited to the conference will be paid by thé Federal Govern- ment, Japanese Women. Coming To Canada From April 7, 1918, to Ma 21, 1924, a total of 2,060 Japanese women en- tered Canada as settl During,’ same period 439 male Japanese le ers and 1,345 male Japanese. other than laborers, were admitted. Avail- able records of Japanese deserting from ships in Canadian ports, from April 1, 1 and others ada illegally. dating show that 96 Je enlered Cane ors probably One TA Jump At Miss Young.—So you've only a moath. are known him Don't you think taking a great many marrying aim? Miss Oldun (candidly) no. It’s the on'y chance twenty years. you chances in —Dear I've me, had In About one-half of the Swiss Goy- ernment railways, some 300 miles routes and 615 railway stations. bave been electrified.