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Loyalty Is Needed

To all who are interested in the development of the Hudson Bay route
@s a means of transport for commodities in and out of the Canadian west,
and that should mean all residents of the prairie provinces, statements
appearing in the 1937 report on Hudson Bay marine insurance rates by the
Imperial Shipping Committee should convey assurance for the future of the
short route between Europe and the middle west of the northern part of
this continent.

The report announces reductions in, and advantageous changes in con-
ditions relating to, marine insurance rates on cargoes handled through
Churchill, indicates @ potential lengthening of the shipping season for the
route and, above all, for the first time in the eight years the route has been
in operation, the committee voices its confidence in the comparative safety
of the route, as expressed in the following excerpt:

“Eight seasons have passed since the new route was opened. The way
is well charted and well equipped with aids to navigation. The exceptional
circumstances on account of which the warranty is imposed—ice, fog and
magnetic disturbance, are known and have been provided against by the
€yro compass, direction finding and the very efficient escort of the Cana-
dian patrol vessels.

“It is true that should a casualty occur, some time might elapse before
salvage operations could be undertaken, and should the casualty be a very
Serious one or one which occurred towards the close of the season, salvage
might be impracticable. Even though a Canadian government patrol vessel
happened to be available for salvage operations, to suspend its normal
Activities of ‘escorting other vessels might have unfortunate results.

“Nevertheless, so far as physical risks are concerned we are convinced
that the Hudson Bay route is no more dangerous, and in some respects less
dangerous, than the St. Lawrence route. As against this there still re-
mains the fact that with the present small number of voyages a single total
loss in a season is a serious matter for the underwriters.”

An excellent feature of the report is the announcement of a reduction
in marine insurance routes of 2s. 6d. per cent. on cargo carried in vessels
using a gyro compass. This is a very desirable proviso, as it is essential
that boats making use of the route be equipped with as many as possible
approved devices calculated to lessen the risk of navigation through the
strait and in the bay.

The “Avon River’, the sole casualty of the 1936 season, which was
driven on a reef without loss of life, was one of two boats using the route
last year which did not carry a gyro compass.

It is true, however, that the lack of a gyro compass was not the cause
of the disaster to the “Avon River’. The committee quotes the London
Board of Trade as declaring that the disaster was due “not to any special
perils of the route, but to the unusually severe weather conditions which
were experienced throughout the world in the latter part of 1936, during
which an unusually large number of ships were lost.”

The basis on which the reductions have been made and the establish-
ment of the gyro compass as standard equipment for well-founded tramp
steamers using the Hudson Bay route give some assurance that decrepit old
hulks are not likely to use the route and thus imperil its grow’ng prestige
by foundering and imperilling the present rate structure.

Despite the favorable nature of the report, the reduction which has
been made in the insurance rates and the encouragement which is being
given to ensure safety measures, prejudice against the route in Eastern
Canada and apathy in the West as to its fate in the future have not en-
tirely disappeared. Only recently in the mouthpieces of financial interests
in the east have appeared evidences of prejudice in the form of attacks
egainst the route, founded principally on a material reduction in traffic
through Churchill this year and the fact that this infant route is not yet
on a self-sustaining basis.

The tenor of such articles is grossly unfair as they omit to tell the
whole story. No reference is made to the fact that the West is suffering
from the greatest drought in history, resulting in a lack of grain available
for shipment, nor is it pointed out that during the season futures prices
have so closely approximated cash grain prices as to make lengthy storage
economically unfeasible.

These attacks indicate that the enemies of the route are not sleeping
and it behooves tlte people of the west to demonstrate their loyalty to the
Hudson Bay rdute by giving it their support on every possible occas‘on
and in every possible legitimate manner.

If consumers in the prairie provinces, farmers in the country and busi-
ness men in the urban centres would make it their business to express
preference for goods shipped through Churchill their demands, if sufficiently
insistent and persistent, would ultimately bear fruit and result in the in-
creased volume of traffic which is essential if the route is to be speedily
built up to sizeable capacity. If more goods are brought in through
Churchill more boats will make use of the port for outbound cargo and the
greater the speed with which traffic is developed the sooner will rates be
further reduced.

Proper Lighting Nested

Prevalence Of Defective Eyesight
Due To Poor Mlumination

The fact that more and more peo-
ple are now using their eyes indoors
at severe visual tasks, and neglect
of proper lighting conditions are re-
sponsible for the prevalence of defec-
tive eyes according to Chas. O. Bick,
clinical instructor of the College of
Optometry of Canada, writing on
“Must we wear specs?” in the cur-
rent issue of “Health”, organ of the
Health League of Canada.

Glasses alone can never bring re-
lief when eyes are abused by pro-
longed use under the harmful light-
ing conditions which exist in most
offices and homes, writes Mr. Bick.

Most levels of illumination have
far reaching effects on almost all
bodily functions, he claims. “At
present only a beginning has been
made in the effects of illumination
on the home seeing-machine.”

Employers of labour should see to
it that factory workers and office
workers are given an opportunity of
working under better visual condi-
tions, the writer claims. “We ex-
pect them to do their work efficiently
and they should be given the means
to do that work efficiently.” Elimi-
nation of useless waste of energy on
their part will result in increased
productive work for employers.

Habitual Criminal

Spinal Fluid Is Said To Reveal This
Tendency

Two Chicago doctors said that
nine years’ research led them to be-
lieve they could determine whether
a criminal was a “confirmed re-
peater” by examining the “curve
type” cells of his. spinal fluid ex-
tracts. The doctors, S. W. Brown-
stein, of the Board of Health, and
M. H. Levy, of the Cook county jail
staff, said microscopic examination
of spinal extracts of criminals dis-
closed a ratio between the men’s
tendencies to re-enter a life of crime
and an abnormal cell count. Nine
prisoners who had proved them-
selves habitual criminals were used
in experiments.

ALICE STEVI#!S’ RECIPES

BALANCED MENUS CONTAIN

SIX FOODSTUFFS ~

We hear a good deal these days
about balancing budgets in the home
as well as in political and business
circles. Balancing menus is equally
important.

Many housewives fight shy of the
term “balanced menus” because they
do not understand the meaning of
the term. A balanced menu is one
that keeps the body in health and
supplies the necessary food for
growth.

A diet must contain six foodstuffs
to meet these requirements. Fats
and carbohydrates are required to
supply the body with heat and
energy. Starches and sugars are in-
cluded as carbohydrates.

The body requires food for new
growth and for repairing old broken
down tissues. This is supplied by
protein foods in the diet. Some of
the more common protein foods are

egg white, milk, peas, beans, fish,
meat and cheese,
Mineral matter, water and vita-

mins are needed to regulate our
bodies and to keep them running
smoothly, Vitamins are said to cor-
respond to the spark of the engine.
These three food stuffs are found in
a number of foods but are particu-
larly abundant in milk, eggs, fruits
and vegetables.

All of these foodstuffs are found
in the following menu; Liver Cas-
serole, baked potatoes, creamed car-
rots, brown bread and butter, apple
crumb pudding.

LIVER CASSEROLE

2 onions

2 apples
1% pounds calf liver

2 medium potatoes

Salt and pepper.

1 teaspoon sage

Cut onions up fine. Put liver in
boiling water. Lift out after a few
minutes. Put a layer of liver in the

Perfect Gasoline Tank Definitely tee har

British Invent Tank For Aeroplanes| Harvard Scientist Has Discovered
That Will Avoid Danger Of Fire Sun Is Anaemic |
Gasoline fires after aeroplane] ‘The sun is only seventenths as/

crashes may soon be a thing of the) bright as it should be among stars

past. The Air Ministry has perfect-| of jts type, it was disclosed by re-

casserole. Add one layer of each,
onions, potatoes, and apples. Add
salt, pepper and sage. Repeat with
layers of liver and other ingredients.
Have a layer of potatoes on top. Add
one cup stock or boiling water. Bake
1 to 1% hours.

ed a gasoline tank which is crash,
eak and fireproof. Following suc-
ess of 13 years of experiment, the
safety tanks will be placed in both|
war 'planes and civilian ‘planes, In
trials the tanks were fired at with

incendiary machine-gun bullets.
There was no resulting fire. A tank
was dropped on concrete when a}

‘plane was deliberately crashed at|
50 miles an hour. The tank merely
bounced, and not a drop of gasoline
was spilled.

Greater London's luxury trades in-
cluding millinery, jewelry and cloth-
ing now find employment for 58,000
persons,

THE TRINDL ELECTRIC
ARC WELDER
Wonderful new invention. Operates
from 6-volt battery.

Welds — Solders — Brazes
$4.50 Delivered
R. H. ANDERSON, LINDSAY, ONT.

search at Harvard University.

In the same study, made by Dr.
William A, Calder, it was reported
that the moon is slightly brighter
than astronomers hitherto have be-
lieved.

Harvard observers, commenting on
the discovery, resulting from a new
determination of the radiations emit-
ting from the sun and moon, said
that it gave scientists their first in-
dications that the sun definiely was
“under par.”

Once a year Buddhist worshippers
fill a Tokyo temple, pray and offer
incense in gratitude to the spirits of
silkworms and cotton plants for their
“sacrifice” in giving silk and cotton
to mankind.

One wonders how much of Canada
is really seen by all the tourists who
try to cover as much ground in 24
hours as their cars and constitutions
will stand. 2221

APPLE CRUMB PUDDING

8 to 10 apples
1

4 cup sugar
Cinnamon

% cup butter

™% cup brown sugar

1% cup flour

Peel the apples and cut into thin
slices. Pile in a buttered baking
dish and continue until the dish is
almost full. Sprinkle with % cup
sugar (white or brown) and cinna-
mon. Prepare the crumbs for the top
by creaming together the butter,

brown sugar, and flour. When this

mixture rked together so that
it resembles fine bread crumbs pat
it on top of the apples. Bake about
20 minutes or until the apples are
soft and the top is a golden brown.

Readers are invited to write to
Alice Stevens’ Home Service,
Penticton, B.C., for free advice
on home cooking and household

problems, (Please mention this
paper).
An order issued by the Ulster

Home Office in Ireland forbids cyclists
to ride more than two abreast, un-
der penalty of a fine.

Island That Grows

Fantastic Growth Of Island In The
Danube River

The case of an island that grows
ig now concerning the Hungarian
legal world.

About 50 years ago the village of
Dunapentele sold a little island of
three acres to the church community
of Dunavecse for a small sum.

Instead of diminishing in size, like
other islands in the Danube, the
little island grew steadily bigger,
and has now attained to about 19
acres.

The fantastic growth of the island
has annoyed its former owners, who
now claim payment for the acres

which have, literally, materialized
since its sale.
The church community, on the

other hand, refuse to make further
payment on the grounds that they
bought and paid for the whole island.
—London Observer.

Will Have Quiet Winter

Young Princesses Not To Be Seen
Much In Public :
It is no secret that the Queen
has been much exercised about the
effect on her little daughters of their
many public appearances this sum-
mer. August at Balmoral was main-
tained in family privacy, and it is
likely that the little girls will make
few appearances in the Autumn, says
the London Daily Telegraph. In the
Christmas holidays, a pantomine, the
circus and a fairy play, with one or
two children’s parties, will naturally
be allowed by the Queen. Dancing
lessons will be held at the Palace and
swimming lessons at the Bath Club.
Both Pri will work ly
hard at their languages this winter.
The Duchess of Kent takes great in-
terest in this branch of their studies
and talks French and German with
her elder niece.

LEAGUE ;

trap ear lake Mine

Important Pitchblende Find Located
At Considerable Depth

What is characterized by Presi-
dent A. LaBine, of Eldorado Gold
Mines Limited, as “the most im-
portant pitchblende discovery under-
ground since the commencement of
operations on the property” is re-
ported from the Great Bear Lake

|
Mine of the silver-radium producer

by Mine Manager B. J. Walli.
“Crosscutting from the No. 2 vein
at the 590 horizon with the objec-
tive of reaching No. 1, the discovery
vein, which has hitherto been com-
pletely unknown below the surface,
what appears to be the downward
projection of No. 1 vein to that
depth has been reached,” Mr. LaBine
states. {Drifting has now continued
for 70 feet and has yielded the most
important pitchblende orebody found
to date on the, property. At last
reports, the face was still in ore.”
When Gilbert LaBine made his
original discovery on what is. to-day
LaBine Point and the site of one of
the greatest potential radium pro-
ducers in history, what he found
were the surface out-eroppings of
No. 7 vein. In earlier work with
hand steel, a surface pit was opened
for a distance of 20 feet and about
10 tons of ore was broken out of the
vein. The surface samples were
scientific rarities, much sought by
museums throughout-the world. Geo-
logists who visited the property in
the sub-Arctic at various times con-
tinued to offer the opinion that No.
1 vein was the principal vein. But

of |
CANADA
presents

TOPICS
of

VITAL
INTEREST]

by DR. J. W. S. MSCULLOUGH

ARTICLE No. 11
Prevention Of Cancer No. 3
Medical Education

The Hon. Dr. John M. Robb,
former Minister of Health for On-
tario did a fine job for the medical
profession and pyblic by his enter-
prise in setting up the first Royal
Commission on Cancer instituted in
any country, and by the subsequent
establishment of the existing cancer
clinics in that province.

The wealth of clinical material in
hospitals of all kinds all over Can-
ada has never been utilized to its
full extent. The average doctor, un-
less he is ambitious enough to se-
cure post-graduate education at his
own expense, has heretofore learn-
ed little about cancer since he
left college. The distribution of the
King's Fund, although the amount
available is ridiculously small, will
afford an opportunity for the Cana-
dian Medical Association to offer
access to clinical instruction in hos-
pitals and special cancer institutes.

The Cancer Committee, originally
instituted by the Health League, is
engaged in the preparation of a
booklet for doctors on. cancer, In
this booklet, the work of men emi-
nent in the various phases of cancer
diagnosis, treatment and the latest
developments on the subject will be
discussed. In respect to this de-
vastating malady, a new sense of
responsibility has arisen in the ranks
of the medical profession, The re-
sult of this is bound to be seen in
the fight against cancer.

In the conquest of cancer, a huge
sum of money is needed, money for
medical education, for the education
of the public, for investigation and
research and for the uncovering of
|the frauds of quack cures, There
| are enormous hoards of wealth in

Canada. Will not our wealthy
friends, none of whose families are
immune to cancer, loosen their

| purse-strings and join in the battle
against one of the cruellest diseases
which affects mankind?

Next article: Prevention of Can-
cer No. 4. Education of the Public
in Cancer.

Editorial Note: Readers desiring
the complete set of Dr. McCul-
lough’s cancer articles at once
may secure same by writing to—
The Health League of Canada, 105
Bond St., Toronto, Ont.

t work was first begun
on No. 2 vein which showed consist-
ently rich pitchblende and silver as
well as copper. This development
and the actual operations continued
on No. 2 vein to a depth of 590
feet.

Quite Blameless
A Vermont village pastor, who
had a weakness for trout, preached
against fishing on Sunday. The next
day one of his parishioners presented
him with a fine string of fish and
said, hesitatingly: “I guess I ought
to tell you, parson that those trout

Were caught on Sunday.”
The minister gazed appreciatively
at the speckled beauties, and said,
“The trout aren't to blame for that.”

To tell summer temperatures cor-
rectly, a popular science note in-
forms us, all you have to do ts
count the number of times a tree
cricket chirps in a second, and add
40. Another way is to look at the
thermometer.

Asia's non-Christian Confucianist-
Taoist sect had 850,600,000 believers,
the largest religious following in the
world.

Thos The Language Grows * «

The Word Telegraph Was First Useq
In 1792

The word “televisor” was coined
by J. L. Baird in 1925 to describe ap-
paratus for television and was reg.
istered by him as a trade mark. On
account, however, of the general
adoption of the word in the United
| States and elsewhere to denote any
kind of television apparatus,, Baird —
Television, Ltd., has decided to aban-
don its registration as a trade mark,
so that in future there will be no
restriction upon the use of the word
in connection with television. “Tele.
visor’ may thus be used in future
as freely as “telegraph” and “tele.
phone”. ‘

The word telegraph was first ap-
plied by Chappe in France, in 1792,
to his invention of the semaphore
system of transmitting messages to
a distance; and the word telephone
was used by Sudre in 1828 for a sys-
tem of signaling by musical sounds,
It was employed in 1844 to describe
a@ powerful wind instrument to con-
vey signals at sea during foggy
weather,

Philipp Reis, in 1861, called his in-
genious instrument a telephone, s0
that he may be regarded as the in-
ventor of the name of the modern
instrument. Alexander Graham Bell
adopted the word in 1876 for his-
“Electrical Speaking Telephone.”—
Nature. ‘

Sees End Of Drouth

Professor Predicts Bountiful Har-
vests For Next Year

Cycle of dry years which has ruined
grain lands on the southern Cana-
dian prairies has ended and bounti-
ful crops likely will be harvested
next year, it was forecast by Dr.
Frederick James Alway, famous On-
tario-born agronomist at Edmonton,
in an interview.

Dry years occur in definitely trace-
able cycles, he said, and “the one
which this year has caused such
dreadful ravages throughout the
grain belts of Canada and the United
States is ending now, probably is al-
ready finished.

“I am prepared to state without
hesitation that it is likely to be one
of the wettest, most productive crop
years in decades, and it is a pleasure
to-be able to make suth a forecast
with sincerity after witnessing what
I have seen in Saskatchewan this
summer," asserted Dr. Alway, pro-
fessor of soll chemistry and chief of
the division of’ soils at the University
of Minnesota since 1913.

Dentist: “There's no need to make
all that fuss, sir. Why, I haven't
touched your tooth yet.”

Patient: “No, but you're standing

Food Wastage

--- by covering all perishable

Waxed Paper,

them fresh unti
to use them.

form for less ex:
grocers, druggist,

goods with Para-Sani Heavy

Para-Sani

moisture-proof texture will keep

Il you are ready

You'll find the Para-Sani sanitary
knife-edged carton handy. Or
use “Centre Pull’ Packs in sheet

acting uses. At
S, stationers,

peat Phe co! re UE RT yn i ee en ee eae