An exploration of the health disparities among Indigenous people in Canada and impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the health and wellbeing of people worldwide. However, the impact has been variable in how it effects Indigenous Peoples and communities across Canada. Colonial discourse and policies have created negative health outcomes, such as mental health diagnoses, substance misuse, and chronic health conditions, transcending generations. These disparities, along with inequalities relating to social determinants of health, including intergenerational poverty, low education rates, reduced access to healthcare, and inadequate housing, put Indigenous Peoples at increased risk of poor health outcomes during pandemics. This literature review examines the vulnerabilities and protective factors unique to Indigenous Peoples which impact their health and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic.